Columbia in a Cracked Nutshell
Background
Columbia was first established as a
colony by the Spanish, after their victory against the indigenous in the central
cordillera, and Tairona, around the Caribbean. Similar to the settlements in
central and South America, the Spanish establishment resulted in the mixing of
indigenous and Spanish cultures and races. Nearly half of the percentage of inhabitants
in Columbia were of mixed origins, out ranking the population of those
classified as white, by about 15 percent. Then came the time when Columbia
decided to begin to claim their independence. Many were still in favor of the
Spanish crown maintaining rule over Columbia but many opted for national
independence. This break for independence led to a military movement in which
even lower class groups, having the title populachos, and even women were
allowed to participate in the movement. Elites wanted to remain the dominant
power of Columbia so through the failed attempt to create Columbia as a
composite state, they developed a constitutional charter in 1821, which gave
more rights for indigenous and Africans to become citizens and contribute, and
even run for elections.
Separation
in the Political Culture
·
“War
of Supremos”- 1848 Development of Conservative vs. Liberal
·
Disagreement
upon church authority and other Partisan conflicts
·
Alternating
in power over government
Coffee
Cultivating Social Change
·
Coffee
was prominent export for Columbia and many other countries in Latin America
·
Coffee’s
success promoted new advancements in shipping and receiving supplies
Fall
of Coffee, Rise of Cocaine
·
Largest
export was illegal drugs, especially Cocaine
·
“Dutch Disease”
·
New
economic growth through drug trade promoting social growth
·
The
instability of the Columbian workforce led its success to meet a swift decline.
Conservative
hegemony to the Liberal Republic
·
Conservative
rule weakened by Great Depression
·
Movements
that fought for a change in government rule
·
La
Violencia
New
Trends of Columbian Culture
·
Increased
franchise for women
·
Cocaine
strikes back
The
Alliance Between the FARC Guerrilla group and Drug Cartels
·
Each
side used one another to acquire economic leverage through acts of violence and
the promotion of the drug trade industry.
·
Their
relationships with one another varied from being either, tactical,
instrumental, or extortionate.
·
FARC
vs. Paramilitary
·
The Kidnapping
of Ingrid Betancourt
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